Pharmacogenetic Testing

Genera Pharmacogenetics: Turn Your Genera Raw Data Into a Drug Response Report

Genera already read your DNA. Here is how to turn your Genera raw data (dados brutos) into a guideline-based report on 110 medications, what a genotyping chip reliably shows, and the one thing it cannot.

Genera (genera.com.br) is a Brazilian consumer genetics service that reads your DNA on a genotyping array and lets you download the raw data, the file it calls dados brutos. What Genera does not give you is a guideline-based report on how those genes affect your medications. That is what Gene2Rx adds. Upload your Genera raw data file and Gene2Rx turns it into a pharmacogenetics report covering 110 medications, built on the same CPIC and FDA guidelines clinicians use. It runs in minutes, costs $5 for a starter report or $49 for the full report, needs no doctor's order, and never expires, because your DNA does not change. You already paid to have your DNA read; this unlocks the part of it that affects prescriptions.

Important: A pharmacogenetic report from your Genera data is informational and does not replace medical advice. Never change or stop a medication based on genetic results alone. Always discuss the report with your healthcare provider before making any treatment change.

$5 to turn Genera data you already have into a starter pharmacogenetic report; $49 for the full 110-medication version

What your Genera data can and cannot do

Your Genera file already captured the right variants

Genera's genotyping array reads hundreds of thousands of positions across every chromosome, including many of the pharmacogenetic variants used in clinical testing: the markers for CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, SLCO1B1, VKORC1, DPYD, and more are sitting in your dados brutos file. The genotype calls are already there, on the standard GRCh37 reference our pipeline expects, at a marker density comparable to 23andMe and AncestryDNA. Genera simply does not interpret most of these positions for drug response. What is missing is the analysis that turns them into per-medication guidance.

What Gene2Rx produces from that file

Gene2Rx reads your raw data, calls your metabolizer phenotype for each pharmacogene (poor, intermediate, normal, rapid, or ultrarapid), and maps each phenotype to specific recommendations for 110 medications, with every recommendation traceable to its CPIC or FDA guideline. The report spans psychiatry (antidepressants, antipsychotics, ADHD medications), cardiology (clopidogrel, warfarin, statins, metoprolol), pain (codeine, tramadol), chemotherapy (capecitabine, fluorouracil), transplant, and gastrointestinal drugs. It is delivered in minutes, no new sample and no prescriber required.

What a genotyping chip cannot show

It is worth being clear about the limits. Genera, like 23andMe and AncestryDNA, runs a consumer genotyping array rather than a clinical-grade assay, and the raw data download is not intended for medical use. It reads only the specific positions printed on the chip, so it does not detect structural variants such as gene duplications and deletions. That matters most for CYP2D6,[1] where an extra gene copy can make someone an ultrarapid metabolizer and a deleted copy can leave almost no enzyme. For most prescribing questions your Genera data is a strong, low-cost starting point; for a high-stakes, one-time decision such as chemotherapy dosing, a clinician may still confirm a key result with a clinical-grade test.

Genera's own reports are not a prescribing guide

Genera's consumer reports focus on ancestry, traits, and health predisposition, framed as wellness information. They do not give you guideline-based recommendations across your medication list. Gene2Rx reads the pharmacogenetic variants out of the same raw file and reports against 110 medications using CPIC and FDA dosing guidance, the way a clinical pharmacogenetic report reads.

A fraction of the cost of a clinical PGx test, and it lasts for life

Clinical pharmacogenetic tests run from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars, need a new DNA sample, and require a provider order. Because you already have Genera data, none of that applies: a Gene2Rx report is $5 for the starter tier, $35 for a psychiatric report, or $49 for the full 110-medication report, with no lab work to repeat. Your pharmacogenetic profile does not change over time, so a single report is a reference you will use for decades of prescribing decisions.

The genotypes are already sitting in your Genera dados brutos file. What is missing is the interpretation.

How your genetics can play a role

These are the main genes Gene2Rx reads out of your Genera data and what each one affects. The biology is the same no matter which data source you start from; what Genera provides is the raw genotype at these positions.

GeneWhat it affects
CYP2D6 Metabolizes many antidepressants (paroxetine, venlafaxine, fluoxetine, amitriptyline), the ADHD drug atomoxetine, several antipsychotics, tamoxifen, and the opioids codeine and tramadol.[2] About 5 to 10 percent of people are poor metabolizers, varying by ancestry. For poor metabolizers, codeine and tramadol give little pain relief; ultrarapid metabolizers can reach unsafe opioid levels at standard doses.
CYP2C19 Affects SSRIs such as sertraline, citalopram, and escitalopram,[3] the antiplatelet clopidogrel,[4] and proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole. Poor metabolizers get inadequate platelet protection from clopidogrel; rapid and ultrarapid metabolizers can clear SSRIs and PPIs too fast for standard doses to work.
CYP2C9 and VKORC1 Together these drive warfarin dosing.[5] If you ever need this blood thinner, your CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes help predict the right starting dose and avoid dangerous over- or under-anticoagulation. CYP2C9 also affects some NSAIDs and phenytoin.
SLCO1B1 Sets your risk of statin-associated muscle pain.[6] About 15 to 20 percent of people carry a decreased-function variant, most relevant for simvastatin. The usual fix is switching within the statin class, not stopping statins.
DPYD Determines safety of the fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy drugs capecitabine and fluorouracil.[7] Reduced-function carriers can suffer severe, occasionally fatal toxicity at standard doses, so knowing your status before chemotherapy is genuinely high-stakes.
TPMT and NUDT15 Guide dosing of thiopurine drugs (azathioprine, mercaptopurine) used in autoimmune disease and leukemia.[8] Poor metabolizers risk severe bone marrow suppression at standard doses and need a substantially reduced dose.

Your Genera raw data contains the genotypes for all of these genes; the only thing standing between that and actionable guidance is interpretation. Gene2Rx translates your genotypes into metabolizer phenotypes for each gene, then maps those phenotypes to specific medication recommendations anchored to CPIC[1] and FDA[9] guidelines, so the output reads the same way a clinical pharmacogenetic report would.

Already have your Genera dados brutos? Turn it into a report covering 110 medications.

A Gene2Rx report reads your own DNA to show how it may affect your response to Sertraline and your other medications.

Find out today

Or see an example report first

When to consider pharmacogenetic testing

If you already have Genera data, there is little reason to wait: the data exists and the starter report is $5. It is most valuable if you are starting or already taking a medication with pharmacogenetic guidelines, if you have had side effects or poor response in the past, or if you simply want the information on file for future prescribing. Because your genotype never changes, one report serves you for life.

What you can do next

  1. Log in to your Genera account at genera.com.br and download your raw data file (dados brutos), a .csv file.
  2. Upload the file to gene2rx.com. The analysis finishes in a few minutes. The starter report is $5; the full 110-medication report is $49.
  3. Review your metabolizer status for each pharmacogene and the medications flagged for you.
  4. Save the report and share the relevant section with your doctor or pharmacist before any new prescription, and ask whether any high-stakes result is worth confirming with a clinical-grade test.

Frequently asked questions

Does Genera already tell me how I respond to drugs?

Not in a prescribing sense. Genera's consumer reports focus on ancestry, traits, and health predisposition, framed as wellness information. Gene2Rx reads the pharmacogenetic variants out of the same raw data file (dados brutos) and reports against 110 medications with CPIC and FDA guideline-based recommendations.

Is Genera data accurate enough for pharmacogenetics?

For the common variants, yes. Genera's genotyping array captures the pharmacogenetic markers that drive the majority of actionable recommendations, at a density comparable to 23andMe and AncestryDNA, on the standard GRCh37 reference our pipeline uses. Two caveats are worth knowing: it is a consumer-grade product whose raw data is not intended for medical use rather than a clinical-grade assay, and like all genotyping chips it does not detect structural variants such as CYP2D6 gene duplications or deletions. For the most complete picture, whole genome sequencing resolves more (and Gene2Rx accepts that too), and a clinician may confirm a high-stakes result with a clinical-grade test.

How do I get my Genera raw data file?

Log in to your Genera account at genera.com.br and download your raw data, labeled dados brutos. It is a .csv file with columns for the marker ID, chromosome, position, and genotype. Upload that file to Gene2Rx exactly as downloaded; there is no need to edit or convert it.

What if I have 23andMe, AncestryDNA, or whole genome data instead?

Those work too. Gene2Rx accepts Genera, 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage raw data, plus VCF files from whole genome sequencing. The process is the same: download your raw data and upload it. WGS and VCF uploads carry a $15 surcharge because they take more processing.

References

  1. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC). CPIC Guidelines. cpicpgx.org
  2. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Opioids (Codeine, Tramadol) and CYP2D6, OPRM1, and COMT (2021). cpicpgx.org
  3. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for SSRI and SNRI Antidepressants and CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, SLC6A4, and HTR2A (2023). cpicpgx.org
  4. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Clopidogrel and CYP2C19 (2022). cpicpgx.org
  5. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Pharmacogenetics-Guided Warfarin Dosing (CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2) (2017). cpicpgx.org
  6. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Statins and SLCO1B1, ABCG2, and CYP2C9 (2022). cpicpgx.org
  7. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Fluoropyrimidines and DPYD (2017). cpicpgx.org
  8. CPIC. CPIC Guideline for Thiopurines and TPMT and NUDT15 (2018). cpicpgx.org
  9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Table of Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers in Drug Labeling (2024). fda.gov

Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to your medication. Never stop or change a medication without medical supervision.

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