Example report. Made from Leslie Knope's DNA data so you can see what yours will look like. Get your own report

Pain managementExample report

Codeine

Tylenol 3

Consider alternative

Your body turns very little codeine into its active form, so it likely won't ease your pain. A different pain reliever is usually suggested.

The genes behind this label

The guidelines read one gene for codeine. Each card shows the two copies this person inherited and what they mean.

CYP2D6*4/*4

Poor metabolizer

Neither copy works.

0.0 activity scoreTypical: 1.25 to 2.25

Turns on or clears about 1 in 4 prescription drugs. These include many drugs for depression, pain and ADHD.

This result changes the label.

What the guidelines say

What each guideline says about your result.

CYP2D6Poor metabolizer

CPIC guideline

Consider alternative Evidence: strongRead the guideline (Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, opens in a new tab)

In plain words: Your body turns very little codeine into its active form, so it likely won't ease your pain. A different pain reliever is usually suggested.
What it means: Greatly reduced morphine formation leading to diminished analgesia.
What the guideline suggests: Avoid codeine use because of possibility of diminished analgesia. If opioid use is warranted, consider a non-tramadol opioid.

FDA drug label

Use with caution See the FDA table (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, opens in a new tab)

In plain words: Your body turns very little codeine into its active form, so it may not relieve your pain as well.
What it means: Results in lower systemic active metabolite concentrations and may result in reduced efficacy.
What the label suggests: No specific dosing change; codeine may be less effective. Refer to FDA labeling.

Also an ingredient in

Codeine is also in these combination products. The guidance above is for codeine on its own. What this person's genes mean for a combination is less clear, so if someone takes one, it's worth talking over with a prescriber or pharmacist.

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About codeine

Codeine is an opioid prescribed for mild to moderate pain and, in some prescription syrups, for cough.

Used for: Mild to moderate pain when an opioid is appropriate and other treatments are not enough; cough in adults (combination syrups)

Others in pain management

Compare all 13 pain management

And 4 more

Don't change a dose on your own. Bring this report to your prescriber or pharmacist. They can weigh it with everything else they know about you.

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